anti-Ubiquitin, mAb (4A1)

Ubiquitin(Ub) is a small protein that is composed of 76 amino acids. Ub is found only in eukaryotic organisms and is highly conserved. Ub can exist either in free form or as part of a complex with other proteins. In the latter case, Ub is attached(conjugated) to proteins through a covalent bond between the glycine at the C-terminal end of Ub and the side chains of lysine on the proteins; Ubiquitination. Ub functions to regulate protein turnover in a cell by closely regulating the degradation of specific proteins. Ubiquitin has been immunohistochemically localized to a number of pathological inclusions, including ; Lewy bodies of Parkinson’s disease,neurofibrillary of Alzheimer’s disease, Pick bodies of Pick’s disease. Protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target lysines either as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Attachment to proteins as a Lys-48-linked polymer usually leads to their degradation by proteasome. Attachment to proteins as a monomer or as an alternatively linked polymer does not lead to proteasomal degradation and may be required for numerous functions, including maintenance of chromatin structure, regulation of gene expression, stress response, ribosome biogenesis and DNA repair.