XRN1 (human) (rec.) (His) (active) (25µg)

XRN1 is a highly conserved 5′→3′ exoribonuclease that plays an essential role in eukaryotic RNA metabolism. Unlike DNA exonucleases, XRN1 specifically degrades RNA molecules from the 5′ end once they have been decapped, making it a central component of cytoplasmic mRNA turnover. XRN1 functions in pathways that control mRNA stability, including general mRNA decay, nonsense-mediated decay, and processing body (P-body) dynamics. By regulating RNA abundance, XRN1 influences gene expression and stress responses. Beyond mRNA decay, XRN1 also contributes to antiviral defense by degrading viral RNAs and interacting with host RNA silencing pathways. Loss or dysregulation of XRN1 disrupts RNA homeostasis and has been linked to defects in cellular growth, differentiation, and disease states. As a key RNA-degrading enzyme, XRN1 represents a cornerstone in the study of RNA biology and post-transcriptional gene regulation.