Histone H3 (Citrullinated R2 + R8 + R17) Monoclonal Antibody

Histone H3 is a nuclear protein and a component of the nucleosome core that is essential for organizing genomic DNA in eukaryotic nuclei. It is a globular protein that contains an unstructured N-terminal tail that extends outside of the nucleosome core and is subject to various post-translational modifications, including citrullination. Histone H3 is subject to citrullination of arginine residues by peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) at positions 2, 8, 17 and 26, and this citrullination blocks methylation of these residues by protein-arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4) and induces transcriptional repression of target genes. Citrullinated histone H3 is a component of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that acts as an autoantigen to induce production of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies associated with various diseases such as sepsis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple myeloma.