Xanthotoxol

Xanthotoxol is a coumarin and a major component in C. monnieri that has diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective or anti-proliferative properties. It inhibits proliferation of HeLa and HepG2 cells in vitro. Xanthotoxol increases histamine release from mast cells and decreases secretion of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-1β from RBL-2H3 cells induced by DNP-human serum albumin (DNP-HSA). It is nematocidal against M. incognita. Xanthotoxol reduces brain edema, neutrophil infiltration, blood-brain barrier disruption, production of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, and nitric oxide (NO), and levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. Xanthotoxol promoted NSCLC cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibited EMT by suppressing the activity of PI3K-AKT pathway, thus attenuating NSCLC proliferation and metastasis. Xanthotoxol provides itch relieve in mice by suppressing spinal GRP/GRPR signaling. This compound can be used as internal analytical reference material.