(±)-Carnitine hydrochloride

DL-Carnitine can be considered a conditionally essential nutrient for its importance in human physiology. DL-Carnitine is a racemic mixture of the quaternary ammonium stereoisomers biologically active L-carnitine and biologically inactive D-carnitine. DL-Carnitine plays a role in the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria for energy production. It functions by facilitating the entry of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix, where they undergo beta-oxidation to generate ATP. DL-Carnitine acts as a carrier molecule, binding to fatty acids and transporting them across the mitochondrial membrane. Once inside the mitochondria, it releases the fatty acids, allowing them to undergo oxidation and produce energy. This process is necessary for the metabolism of fatty acids and the production of cellular energy. By facilitating the transport of fatty acids, DL-Carnitine contributes to the overall energy balance within the cell, supporting various metabolic processes. Its role in fatty acid metabolism may be an important component in cellular energy production and metabolic regulation. It also shows antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.